Surface Tensions of Electrolyte Solutions

H⁺ - NH₄⁺ - Na⁺ - K⁺ - Mg²⁺ - Ca²⁺ - SO₄²⁻ - NO₃⁻ - Cl⁻ - Br⁻ - H₂O, (acid and neutral mixtures)

NH₄⁺ - Na⁺ - K⁺ - Mg²⁺ - Ca²⁺ - SO₄²⁻ - NO₃⁻ - Cl⁻ - Br⁻ - CO₃²⁻ - OH⁻ - H₂O, (alkaline and neutral mixtures)

Temperature (K):

Concentration unit: molality weight percent

Enter the ion concentrations:

H⁺:	NH₄⁺:	Na⁺:	K⁺:
Mg²⁺:	Ca²⁺:	SO₄²⁻:	NO₃⁻:
Cl⁻:	Br⁻:

Notes: surface tensions of the individual electrolytes are based on available data, including extrapolated values for pure (high temperature) melts where available. The surface tensions of mixtures are estimated by first determining the system composition in term of electrolytes, and then using the model described in reference (1).

(If entries are made below for both NH₄⁺ and OH⁻, the amounts will be converted to NH₃ and water and a residual amount of whichever ion was in excess, using the reaction NH₄⁺ + OH⁻ → NH₃ + H₂O.)

Temperature (K):

Concentration unit: molality weight percent

Enter the species concentrations:

NH₄⁺:	Na⁺:	K⁺:	Mg²⁺:
Ca²⁺:	SO₄²⁻:	NO₃⁻:	Cl⁻:
Br⁻:	CO₃²⁻:	OH⁻:	NH₃:

Notes: surface tensions of the individual electrolytes and NH₃ are based on available data, including extrapolated values for pure (high temperature) melts where available. The surface tensions of mixtures are estimated by first determining the system composition in term of electrolytes, and then using the model described in reference (1).

Surface Tensions of Aqueous Solutions

References